上一篇文章讲述了nginx的搭建，这篇来讲mysql
mysql的下载地址推荐使用网易的镜像站 http://mirrors.163.com/
5.7.24的下载地址是http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.24.tar.gz
安装步骤 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 # 先回到软件下载目录 [root@localhost nginx-1.14.0]# cd /software # 安装依赖组件 [root@localhost software]# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake gcc gcc-c++ # 创建用户组、用户 [root@localhost software]# groupadd mysql [root@localhost software]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -M [root@localhost software]# id mysql # 下载mysql包 [root@localhost software]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.24.tar.gz # 解压mysql源码包 [root@localhost software]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.24.tar.gz # 进入解压后的目录，对mysql进行配置（5.5以上都是cmake） [root@localhost software]# cd mysql-5.7.24/ [root@localhost mysql-5.7.24]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql/etc -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DWITH_BOOST=boost -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 # 编译和安装 [root@localhost mysql-5.7.24]# make && make install # 初始化数据库及启动 [root@localhost mysql-5.7.24]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/ [root@localhost mysql-5.7.24]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@localhost mysql-5.7.24]# cat >> my.cnf << EOF [client] port = 3306 default-character-set=utf8 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock [mysql] port = 3306 default-character-set=utf8 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] user = mysql basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data port = 3306 default-character-set=utf8 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock server-id = 1 # Remove leading # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES EOF [root@localhost mysql]# chown mysql.mysql my.cnf [root@localhost mysql]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile [root@localhost mysql]# echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile [root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile [root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data [root@localhost mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld [root@localhost data]# ps -ef|grep mysql # 设置mysql开机启动 [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld # 查看Mysql启动状态 [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl status mysqld ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 一 2019-05-06 23:02:54 CST; 16s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Main PID: 28056 (mysqld) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─28056 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/lo... 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.266299Z 0 [Note]...l 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.267420Z 0 [Note]...4 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.270692Z 0 [Note].... 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.270934Z 0 [Warni.... 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.273422Z 0 [Note]...6 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.273491Z 0 [Note].... 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.273503Z 0 [Note]...; 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.273518Z 0 [Note].... 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 mysqld[28053]: 2019-05-06T15:02:54.279956Z 0 [Note]...s 5月 06 23:02:54 centos7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
安装完成后我们尝试使用mysql命令测试连接数据库，此时会报2002的错误。
1 2 [root@localhost mysql]# mysql ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)
一开始我百度都是说我安装mysql的过程中出现了问题，推荐我重新安装或者使用TCP/IP的方式去链接数据库。
后来根据这篇文章，找到了解决办法。启动mysql错误解决方案，学会查看错误日志：mysql.sock丢失，mysqld_safe启动报错
我们可以通过ln软连接mysql.sock发送到/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock位置，操作如下。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 # 首先找到mysql.sock的位置 [root@localhost mysql]# find / -name mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # 然后软连接到/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock [root@localhost mysql]# ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock # 再次测试mysql命令 [root@localhost mysql]# mysql ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
这次错误从2002变成了1045，原因是数据库账号密码不正确。
测试环境里我们可以设置跳过密码验证 来解决这个问题
1 2 3 # 编辑mysql配置文件 [root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf # 在[mysqld]下方加入一行 skip-grant-tables
保存后，重启mysql服务
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 [root@localhost mysql]# systemctl restart mysqld # 再次输入mysql命令，访问正常 [root@localhost mysql]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.24 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
到此MYSQL编译成功，下一篇更新PHP。
参考文档 CentOS 7下编译安装Nginx+MySQL+PHP 启动mysql错误解决方案，学会查看错误日志：mysql.sock丢失，mysqld_safe启动报错 重置密码解决MySQL for Linux错误 ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@’localhost’ (using password: YES)
